What Does a Occupational Therapist Do?
Occupational therapists help patients develop, recover, or maintain the skills needed for daily living and working. On a typical day, you might assess a patient's physical, cognitive, or emotional limitations, design personalized treatment plans, and guide individuals through therapeutic exercises and activities. You could work with children who have developmental delays, adults recovering from injuries or strokes, or elderly patients managing age-related conditions. Work settings are diverse and include hospitals, rehabilitation centers, schools, outpatient clinics, mental health facilities, and patients' private homes. Occupational therapists also collaborate with physicians, physical therapists, and social workers to provide comprehensive care, and they regularly document patient progress and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
This career suits compassionate, patient, and creative individuals who enjoy problem-solving and making a tangible difference in people's quality of life. Strong communication skills are essential, as the role involves educating both patients and their families on adaptive techniques and equipment. The job outlook for occupational therapists is excellent, with employment projected to grow much faster than average due to an aging population and increased awareness of mental health needs. To enter the field, you will need Master's degree, which typically includes supervised clinical fieldwork. The median annual wage for occupational therapists is $96,370, with earning potential varying based on specialization, experience, and work setting.
Education & Requirements
Earn a Master's degree in a related field such as biology, psychology, or health sciences. This foundational degree provides the prerequisite coursework needed to apply to accredited occupational therapy graduate programs.
Complete a Master's degree from a program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE). Most programs take 2-3 years and include both academic coursework and hands-on clinical training.
As part of your Master's degree program, you must complete supervised fieldwork placements. These rotations provide real-world clinical experience across various settings such as hospitals, schools, and rehabilitation centers.
After completing your Master's degree, you must pass the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT) exam to earn the Occupational Therapist Registered (OTR) credential and legally practice in the field.
Apply for state licensure using your Master's degree credentials and NBCOT certification. Most states also require ongoing continuing education to maintain licensure and stay current with evolving occupational therapy practices.
Job Outlook
The job outlook for occupational therapists is exceptionally strong, with employment projected to grow by +12% over the next decade, a rate significantly faster than the average for all occupations. This robust demand is driven by several converging factors, including the aging baby boomer population requiring rehabilitation and assistance managing age-related conditions, increased survival rates among individuals who experience strokes, accidents, and other debilitating events, and growing awareness of occupational therapy's role in treating mental health and developmental disorders. Approximately 14,000 job openings are expected each year, stemming from both employment growth and the need to replace workers who retire or transition to other careers. The median annual wage for occupational therapists stands at $96,370, reflecting the specialized skills and graduate-level education required to enter the profession.
Occupational therapists are hired across a diverse range of settings, including hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, outpatient rehabilitation clinics, schools, home health agencies, and mental health centers, giving practitioners considerable flexibility in choosing their work environment. Government entities, private healthcare networks, and school districts are among the largest employers in the field. Geographically, states with rapidly growing elderly populationsโsuch as Florida, Arizona, and Texasโtend to show heightened demand, while rural and underserved areas often offer additional incentives to attract qualified practitioners. Specialty areas such as hand therapy, pediatrics, neurological rehabilitation, and assistive technology are particularly strong in terms of career growth and earning potential, allowing occupational therapists to develop niche expertise that can further enhance both their job security and professional fulfillment.
Where to Study
We’ve identified 15 schools offering programs related to this career, including online options.
Browse Schools for Occupational Therapist →